Culte de l'Etre Supreme
I must first apologise for the lack of posts as of late, but there has been much to do. I arrived home this weekend rather sick, but I am feeling a bit better.
Secondly, I must commend the 72% voter turnout in Iraq, despite the constant threat of violence against voters. It's a shame we can't get that in this country. Perhaps what makes democracy dear is that it isn't taken for granted.
With these taken care of, I shall move on to to-day's subject. It is best filed under "oddball religions," in which my friends and family know I have a peculiar and studious interest. Some religions that pique my interest are ones that were essentially thought up by a group with no divine inspiration or supernatural ends in mind. These sorts of religion Voltaire termed "civic religions," which would be used to keep society in line. Voltaire proposed such a system, as did Auguste Compte, founder of Sociology. They felt that the uneducated classes needed a check on their behaviour, and a religion that espoused the values of the regime would be the best solution.
Naturally, they did not believe that religion had any fundamental truth to it, and such a faith was an instrument for social control, not an actual belief system. It therefore had to be mandatory in nature, else it would have little effect.
The best example of this is the Cult of the Supreme Being in Revolutionary France, founded by Maximilien Robespierre. He cobbled together this revolutionary cult as a result of infighting between atheist and deist factions in the Revolutionary era. The result was a mandatory religious faith that was about as exciting as a trans-pacific airline flight in coach. On certain days of celebration, the entire population had to turn out wearing silly costumes and carrying branches in peculiar ways that were enforced by law.
Naturally, the cult was not very popular. L'Incorruptible apparently over-estimated his own abilities as a charismatic spiritual leader. The speech he gave establishing the religion has to be read to be believed- "It is He who bathes with delicious tears the eyes of the son pressed to the bosom of his mother" and the like. If you're really feeling upbeat, read the text of his speech here, and prepare to be taken down a notch or two. You'll get a good understanding of why Robespierre was beheaded two months later in the Coup of Thermidor and replaced by the Directory, a group of losers and oddballs that began to restore stability to the French State. In turn were replaced by Bonaparte, who quite sensibly got rid of the last trappings of this odd-ball religion.
A rather amusing review of this rather unique faith can be found here. Yes, I know it's a rotten.com address, but there are no corpses on the page, I promise.
On a side-note, apparently the modernists have yet to learn that civic religions don't jibe well with populations (nobody likes to be treated like a sheep). Some of the political philosophers at the UN are attempting to codify environmentalist beliefs into a sort of mystical religious covenant called the Earth Charter. In a mock Ark of the Covenant, there are several tablets with sixteen "commandments" for a "just and sustainable society."
Another example of a less beneficent "civic religion" is extant in Turkmenistan, and it's the cult around its president, known as Turkmenbashi. It's a personality cult reinforced by Turkmenbashi's wacky book, the Ruhnama. If you're feeling really brave, or have a death wish like Charles Bronson, you can actually read the tome here. Apparently Civic Religions are making a comeback.
Secondly, I must commend the 72% voter turnout in Iraq, despite the constant threat of violence against voters. It's a shame we can't get that in this country. Perhaps what makes democracy dear is that it isn't taken for granted.
With these taken care of, I shall move on to to-day's subject. It is best filed under "oddball religions," in which my friends and family know I have a peculiar and studious interest. Some religions that pique my interest are ones that were essentially thought up by a group with no divine inspiration or supernatural ends in mind. These sorts of religion Voltaire termed "civic religions," which would be used to keep society in line. Voltaire proposed such a system, as did Auguste Compte, founder of Sociology. They felt that the uneducated classes needed a check on their behaviour, and a religion that espoused the values of the regime would be the best solution.
Naturally, they did not believe that religion had any fundamental truth to it, and such a faith was an instrument for social control, not an actual belief system. It therefore had to be mandatory in nature, else it would have little effect.
The best example of this is the Cult of the Supreme Being in Revolutionary France, founded by Maximilien Robespierre. He cobbled together this revolutionary cult as a result of infighting between atheist and deist factions in the Revolutionary era. The result was a mandatory religious faith that was about as exciting as a trans-pacific airline flight in coach. On certain days of celebration, the entire population had to turn out wearing silly costumes and carrying branches in peculiar ways that were enforced by law.
Naturally, the cult was not very popular. L'Incorruptible apparently over-estimated his own abilities as a charismatic spiritual leader. The speech he gave establishing the religion has to be read to be believed- "It is He who bathes with delicious tears the eyes of the son pressed to the bosom of his mother" and the like. If you're really feeling upbeat, read the text of his speech here, and prepare to be taken down a notch or two. You'll get a good understanding of why Robespierre was beheaded two months later in the Coup of Thermidor and replaced by the Directory, a group of losers and oddballs that began to restore stability to the French State. In turn were replaced by Bonaparte, who quite sensibly got rid of the last trappings of this odd-ball religion.
A rather amusing review of this rather unique faith can be found here. Yes, I know it's a rotten.com address, but there are no corpses on the page, I promise.
On a side-note, apparently the modernists have yet to learn that civic religions don't jibe well with populations (nobody likes to be treated like a sheep). Some of the political philosophers at the UN are attempting to codify environmentalist beliefs into a sort of mystical religious covenant called the Earth Charter. In a mock Ark of the Covenant, there are several tablets with sixteen "commandments" for a "just and sustainable society."
Another example of a less beneficent "civic religion" is extant in Turkmenistan, and it's the cult around its president, known as Turkmenbashi. It's a personality cult reinforced by Turkmenbashi's wacky book, the Ruhnama. If you're feeling really brave, or have a death wish like Charles Bronson, you can actually read the tome here. Apparently Civic Religions are making a comeback.

